Carbon and its Compounds · Class 10 Science · Chapter 4
🔬 Carbon and its Compounds
CBSE Class 10 · Science · Chapter 4
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| 96% | Reactions of ethanol & ethanoic acid (with Na, NaOH, esterification) — Always quote the catalyst (Na metal / conc. H2SO4) AND the observation (effervescence / sweet smell). | 5 MARKS |
| 90% | Soap micelle drawing + cleansing action + hard-water scum — Label hydrophilic head + hydrophobic tail; explain Ca2+/Mg2+ scum; contrast detergent. | 5 MARKS |
| 85% | Identify functional group and name the homologous series member — Spot the suffix: -ol = alcohol, -al = aldehyde, -one = ketone, -oic acid = carboxylic acid. | 3 MARKS |
| 80% | Covalent bonding electron-dot structures (CH4 / H2O / NH3 / N2) — Count valence electrons; show shared pairs as : between atoms; confirm octet/duet. | 3 MARKS |
| 65% | Diamond vs graphite — structure → property → use — Always link STRUCTURE to PROPERTY to USE in one chain (3D rigid → hard → cutting; layers → soft → pencil). | 3 MARKS |
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